Scientists from Ben-Gurion University in Negeva have discovered new fat cells identifying metabolic complications of obesity and regulating inflammation in the body. The results of the study were published in Nature Genetic magazine.
Scientists have used innovative technology to analyze RNA molecules, which is the basis for converting the genome into protein. This technique allows you to attach unique barcodes of RNA molecules, allowing you to monitor the origin of cells in fat tissue samples.
Applying this technology to tissues obtained from donors, researchers can identify not only knowing types of cells, but also new subgroups described before.
Research confirms that fat tissue is heterogeneous. For example, in different parts of the body, in the subcutaneous or in the abdomen, fat performs different functions and affects health in different ways. Scientists have discovered new populations of fat cells related to the adjustment of inflammatory processes, the formation of blood vessels and tissue scars.
The difference between fat cells of subcutaneous and internal tissues turned out to be particularly interesting. The fat in the abdomen has been more active in communication between cells and the beginning of inflammation, while subcutaneous fat cells play a more important role in anti -inflammatory reactions.
Studies also show that some unique fat cells, which are found only in the abdomen, may be related to obesity's metabolic complications, such as insulin resistance. According to scientists, the analysis of these cells can contribute to creating personalized treatments and diabetes.